The Renaissance patrons wanted art that showed joy in human beauty and life’s pleasures. Renaissance art is more lifelike than in the art of the Middle Ages. Renaissance artists studied perspective, or the differences in the way things look when they are close to something or far away. The artists painted in a way that showed these differences. As a result, their paintings seem to have depth.
One point perspective
The simplest form of perspective is one point perspective. It presumes a single Point, which all others move towards. It Is like looking down a straight road as far as you can see, lines which we know are parallel seem to converge on a single point known as the Vanishing Point. We can see this in the picture of the Agora in Athens. (Below)
The simplest form of perspective is one point perspective. It presumes a single Point, which all others move towards. It Is like looking down a straight road as far as you can see, lines which we know are parallel seem to converge on a single point known as the Vanishing Point. We can see this in the picture of the Agora in Athens. (Below)
To see how both one and two point perspective is drawn, mathematically (geometrically), look at the Java Applet at this website: Java Applet -- Perspective
To draw in one point perspective, draw a horizon line and draw a vanishing point anywhere on the horizon. Lines which are parallel in real life are drawn to intersect at the vanishing point.
All lines travel to the vanishing point in both these drawings. 
Distant figures appear smaller but have the same shape and proportions as they would close up.
All lines travel to the vanishing point in both these drawings. 
Distant figures appear smaller but have the same shape and proportions as they would close up.
Two point perspective
This is all very fine if you are looking at a thing face on down a corridor, but what if you are facing the edge of something? This is where 2 point perspective comes in.
We are now looking at an object from slightly above and we can see more of the object in question, giving an even stronger sense of its 3-dimensional form.
By lowering the Horizon Line, we can alter our view of the object to make it seem to loom over our viewers.
It is important to remember that the horizon line is always at the level of your eyes, regardless of whether you are looking from above or below an object.
Piranesi used this technique to great effect in his drawing "Fantasy on a Magnificent Triumphal Arch"-1765.
This is all very fine if you are looking at a thing face on down a corridor, but what if you are facing the edge of something? This is where 2 point perspective comes in.
We are now looking at an object from slightly above and we can see more of the object in question, giving an even stronger sense of its 3-dimensional form.By lowering the Horizon Line, we can alter our view of the object to make it seem to loom over our viewers.
It is important to remember that the horizon line is always at the level of your eyes, regardless of whether you are looking from above or below an object.Piranesi used this technique to great effect in his drawing "Fantasy on a Magnificent Triumphal Arch"-1765.
Can you find where the vanishing points are?
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